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Advanced structural dynamics prediction; NVH and rotor dynamics; increasing confidence in dynamic FE models; multidisciplinary simulation platform; Response Dynamics; Load Identification; Noise and Vibration; Advanced Dynamics Simcenter 3D Structural Dynamics Simulation Simcenter™ 3D software provides a comprehensive solution for understanding, analyzing and improving response when a system is subjected to dynamic loading. This includes Simcenter Nastran® software , the industry standard for dynamic analysis, as well as interactive solutions for general dynamic analysis to efficiently understand and prevent excessive vibrations and stresses. In addition, dedicated resources are available for noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) engineering, rotor dynamics and correlation. Benefits of the solution Advanced Structural Dynamics Prediction NVH and rotor dynamics Uniquely combine real-world test data into the simulation Increasing confidence in dynamic FE models Providing a platform for multidisciplinary simulation Perform comprehensive dynamic analysis and accelerate time to market Increase design confidence by using Simcenter Nastran to investigate product performance under dynamic operating conditions Gain insights and improve NVH performance through a dedicated toolset for NVH post-processing and troubleshooting Combine FE with measured data like loading or component description for more realistic simulations and hybrid assemblies Quickly assess and improve the dynamic performance of rotating systems Improve accuracy and increase confidence in your FE models by correlating with real measured data From the product concept phase, analysts and specialists can rely on Simcenter's 3D structural dynamics solutions to analyze design decisions and systematically improve the system's dynamic characteristics. Simcenter 3D's graphical user interface (GUI) is fully customizable to suit your dynamic analysis processes, creating predefined models and simplifying the product engineering process. Interactive solutions and dedicated solvers are available to support industry workflows for NVH and rotating machine dynamics. Using Simcenter 3D for structural dynamics solutions allows you to implement a distinct hybrid simulation approach to leverage measured data as a component representation in a finite element (FE) model at the system level or apply real loads to accurately accelerate and robustness to process engineering. An integral part of making product engineering decisions is having confidence in simulation models so you can accurately predict reality. Correlation solutions allow validating and improving the dynamic behavior of simulation models based on physical test data. The Simcenter 3D structural dynamics solution is part of a larger multidisciplinary simulation environment and is integrated with the Simcenter 3D Engineering Desktop at the core for centralized pre/post processing for all Simcenter 3D solutions. This integrated environment helps you achieve faster CAE processes and streamline multidisciplinary simulations that integrate dynamics and other disciplines such as computing dynamic loads of motion, flow, or electromagnetic solution. Industry applications Automotive and transport Aerospace and Defense Industrial machinery Electronics and consumer goods Marine As most systems are subject to loads of a dynamic nature at some point in their life cycle, understanding the dynamic behavior of structures is an important topic in many fields. Simcenter 3D provides a complete solution for predicting dynamic behavior, whether for a component, subsystem or the entire system. NVH performance strongly affects the driving experience and perception of quality. Simcenter 3D offers built-in tools and solvers to predict NVH characteristics and analyze the root cause of noise and vibration issues. Simcenter 3D helps you identify structural weaknesses in a given design and optimize the vibration and dynamic performance of aircraft structures subjected to dynamic loading. Dedicated solutions for rotor dynamics help you evaluate the performance of aircraft engines to avoid instabilities. Machines that vibrate excessively during operation directly impact the quality of the manufactured product. Simcenter 3D provides information about the possible cause of machine vibrations, including rotating machines. Simcenter 3D helps predict the dynamic characteristics of electronics and consumer goods to prevent excessive vibrations and stresses that can result in fatigue or catastrophic failure. With an increasing demand for faster, lighter ships, design engineers can rely on Simcenter 3D to predict the response of the overall structure and its individual components that are subject to wave and current action. Sectors Modules Simcenter 3D Response Dynamics software is an integrated solution that makes dynamic analysis more accessible and efficient for the analyst. It allows you to predict the forced response of structural systems under various loading conditions in a single graphical user environment, thus eliminating the complexity of setting up and starting the analysis and providing a quick view of dynamic behavior. The analysis information can then be used to conduct design studies to improve the new product development process and confirm the quality of designs prior to physical prototyping and production. Simcenter 3D Noise and Vibration Modeling offers a comprehensive set of pre/post noise and vibration capabilities that address your need to build, understand, evaluate, and optimize the noise and vibration performance of complete systems and assembly models. Operating loads or vibrations are very important for accurate response prediction, but are often impossible or difficult to measure directly. Simcenter 3D Load Identification allows you to get accurate dynamic loads from a structure for dynamics or acoustics. Simcenter 3D Load Identification offers two ways to identify operating forces from measured data, either a direct stiffness method or an inverse matrix method. Using the direct stiffness approach, the relative displacement (or velocity or acceleration) of the input vibration data and input frequency response functions (FRFs) are used to calculate the forces at the locations of the nodes in your element model. finite (FEM). The inverse matrix method allows you to calculate an estimate of operational loads based on operational measurements such as measured accelerations and FRFs. Furthermore, Simcenter 3D Load Identification can also be applied to acoustic applications. You can use a modal expansion solution to create enriched vibration results in a full FE model based on measured vibrations at just a few points. Or, you can derive structural surface vibrations using inverse numerical acoustics, where pressure responses measured close to the structure are used along with acoustic transfer vectors (ATVs) to identify complete surface vibrations. The obtained vibration field can therefore be used for acoustic radiation analysis. Th e Simcenter 3D Noise and Vibration Response product gives users the ability to perform modal-based forced response, FRF-based forced response, and FRF synthesis to gain insight into the vibration or vibroacoustic performance of a system. It is an alternative for users who have third-party structural solvers or for users who cannot subscribe to Simcenter Nastran. For example, modal-based forced response is particularly useful in many scenarios that start in ANSYS or ABAQUS modes, or measured modes. One can, for example, use the Simcenter 3D Noise and Vibration Forced Response product to calculate surface vibration results that can later be used in an analysis to predict acoustic radiation. Another example is the FRF-based forced response solver which provides a convenient and fast way to calculate the structural or vibroacoustic response of a system that is described by simulated or measured FRFs under operational load. This can be followed by TPA analysis using Simcenter 3D Noise & Vibration Modeling. Simcenter 3D NVH Composer is a simplified product to create full vehicle level FE models for NVH from sub-assembly models (BIW, Door, Suspension...). The product offers an interactive network display to define the topology of the complete vehicle assembly, defining components, connectivity information and grouped mass information. Once the complete vehicle layout is defined, the assembly is automatically created in Simcenter 3D and is synchronized with the network view, which is a simplified way to interact with the complete vehicle assembly. All typical connections between complete vehicle subsystems are available and modeling is done for Simcenter Nastran. Simcenter 3D FE Model Correlation software allows you to quantitatively and qualitatively compare simulation and test results, as well as two different simulations. It provides the necessary tools to geometrically align the models, pair the shapes of both solutions, visualization mode and operational shapes and frequency response functions, and calculate/display correlation metrics. Simcenter 3D FE Model Updating software is an advanced correlation tool designed to automatically update FE models to match real-life test data or other FE model results. The tool is fully integrated into Simcenter 3D Engineering Desktop, making the upgrade process efficient, intuitive and productive. Simcenter 3D Rotor Modeling is a comprehensive environment for pre- and post-processing models used for rotor dynamics analysis using the Simcenter Nastran Rotor solver. Simcenter 3D Rotor Modeling guides you through the typical workflow of defining your rotors, bearings, and assemblies, and then helps you configure the parameters of your simulation solution. Simcenter 3D Rotor Modeling also takes full advantage of the core features of Simcenter 3D Engineering Desktop to easily edit model geometry and keep your rotor simulation models in sync with your design. The rotor modeling environment is where you can also efficiently evaluate the results of your simulations visually and graphically so you can easily determine if your rotor designs are meeting your needs. Simcenter Nastran Dynamic Response software is the leading solver for dynamic finite element analysis (FEA). It allows the analysis of the forced response of a component or assembly subject to excitations that vary in time or frequency. Evaluating dynamic response under different operating conditions is critical for industries such as automotive, aerospace, consumer products, and other industries that rely on electronic devices. Multiple what-if studies can be performed virtually investigating product performance under various dynamic operating conditions using the rich set of analysis tools supported by Simcenter Nastran Dynamic Response. Simcenter Nastran Advanced Dynamics is a cost-effective package that provides a set of advanced and commonly used dynamics functionality, which includes Simcenter Nastran Dynamic Response, Simcenter Nastran FRF representations, Simcenter Nastran superelement analysis, recursive domain (RD) modes of Simcenter Nastran, Simcenter Nastran DMP (distributed memory processing), Simcenter Nastran aeroelasticity and Simcenter Nastran direct matrix abstraction program (DMAP). Simcenter Nastran DMP facilitates a significant reduction in computing time using multiple processors and computing resources. Simcenter Nastran DMP allows for a higher level of parallelism and offers better scalability than shared memory processing (SMP). Simcenter Nastran Rotor is the solver to simulate a variety of rotor dynamics analyzes for mechanical engineers studying industrial rotating machine applications such as gas turbines, pumps and more. Understanding critical operating speeds and predicting survivability of rotating systems is a critical but challenging task. Simcenter Nastran helps you determine these critical criteria by taking into account gyroscopic effects and centrifugal loads in a wide variety of situations. Pre- and post-processing of the Simcenter Nastran Rotor is done using the Simcenter 3D Rotor Modeling product. Module benefits: Get quick insights into the dynamic response of structural systems Quickly generate and visualize results graphically Take full advantage of Simcenter 3D to make quick design changes and provide quick feedback on dynamic performance Main features: Predict model response to transients, frequency (harmonic), random vibration, shock spectrum, dynamic design analysis (DDAM) method (ship shock loads) and quasi-static loads Efficiently compute responses using a modal formulation from an a priori resolved set of Simcenter Nastran mode shapes Import, generate, and edit computer-aided engineering analysis (CAE) excitation information and test data, including force, forced motion, and distributed loads (e.g., dynamic pressure) Seamless interface analytical models with measured test data for measured accelerations per instance used for base excitation loading Best-in-class random excitation and sine-base events that handle real-world models with unrivaled performance and accuracy Module benefits: Gain valuable insights into your project's noise and vibration performance Use data from previous measurements and simulations to create relevant Use reduced, dynamically equivalent representations of components in your assembly model to speed response analysis Main features: Intuitive noise and vibration diagnostics with support for modal analysis, network, panel, energy and path contribution Map test data and predecessor simulation data - multibody, electromagnetism (EM), computational fluid dynamics (CFD) - into the vibroacoustic simulation model, including time-to-frequency domain conversion for realistic loads Add frequency response function (FRF) and modal representations for structural members in the context of assembly using simulation or test data Include acoustic transfer vectors (ATV) or vibroacoustic transfer vectors (VATV) representations for acoustic or vibroacoustic components, which are reusable for multi-load case scenarios for powertrain noise or cabin wind noise Module benefits: Determine operating forces or vibrations that are difficult or impossible to measure directly Get a more realistic simulation by applying more accurate loading Combine measured loading data with FE simulations Main features: Assembly method for estimating assembly forces by combining operational vibration data on each side of the assembly and assembly stiffness data Inverse matrix method by combining operational measurements and transfer functions Based on all measured data or a combination of operation measurements and simulation data Direct application and reuse of forces or vibrations identified in the simulation model Module benefits: Dedicated modal and FRF based forced response solvers supporting NVH and Acoustics scenarios. Allowing users to run a forced response without access to a full structural solver such as Nastran Quickly calculate FRFs from measured or simulated modes for use in NVH or as a reduced FRF representation of a component in an assembly or for use in correlation Main features: The FRF-based forced response solver provides a convenient and fast way to calculate the structural or vibroacoustic response of a system described by simulated or measured Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) under operational load The Modal-based forced response solver provides a convenient way to calculate the structural (vibration) response of a system described by a set of modes under operational load. The FRF Synthesis Solver allows you to calculate FRFs from a set of simulated mode measurements Module benefits: Increase productivity and accelerate total vehicle creation time Decrease human error by capturing assembly topology in layout files Eliminate the complexity of creating a complete vehicle assembly model Easily rerun in case of component changes Main features: Interactive network view to define complete vehicle topology from subsystem FE models All typical complete vehicle connections are supported (bolt, bushing, caulking/sealing strip,…) Agglomerated dough cutting support Automatic assembly from the defined complete vehicle topology Built-in scan functionality Automatic synchronization between Simcenter 3D NVH Composer and the resulting Simcenter 3D assembly Module benefits: Validate finite element model accuracy for dynamic structural, acoustic, and vibroacoustic analysis Determine sensor and exciter locations before performing physical modal tests Increase productivity by enabling model validation in the same environment used for model creation and analysis Main features: Supports Simcenter Nastran, Simcenter Samcef® software, Abaqus, ANSYS and MSC Nastran results Test solution import using universal files or Simcenter Testlab™ software files Pre-test planning, including sensor and exciter placement, automatic or manual preview wireframing, as well as automatic normal face detection Intuitive and powerful test template alignment Shape correlation criteria (MAC, X-Ortho, frequency), automatic and manual shape pairing options Interactive matrix and shape displays Frequency Response Function Assurance Criterion (FRAC) Interactive overlay graphics of FRAC and FRF Node mapping based on proximity, labels or names, as well as manual methods Module benefits: Improve accuracy and increase confidence in your FE models Increase productivity by performing model upgrade in the same environment used for model creation and analysis Provide a quick sensitivity-based approach Main features: Optimization goals: modal frequencies and mode shapes Mode Shape Correlation Criteria: MAC, X-Ortho Automatic and manual mode pairing options Simultaneously update multiple configurations of the same FEM Automatic FEM update that can be easily cascaded to all simulations Automatic and manual project variable management Automatic generation of multiple design variables Support material and physical property design variables such as beam section areas, shell or laminate thickness, and Young's modulus No Simcenter Nastran or MSC Nastran SOL 200 licenses required Module benefits: An integrated solution that helps you quickly solve and iterate on your rotor designs to achieve optimal performance Understand how your rotor performs in unbalance analysis, predict a blade loss event and determine critical speeds Guides you through a complete end-to-end workflow from impeller and bearing modeling, solution configuration, and results visualization Main features: Addresses a wide range of loading scenarios such as unbalanced loads, misalignment, time dependent forces and more Efficient modeling techniques and model reduction like multi-harmonic Fourier elements or cyclic symmetry or superelement Wide range of post-processing capabilities for Campbell diagram, energy distributions, animations of modes and deformed shapes, orbit plots, recombination of 3D results Model the rotors and stator parts of the assembly by different modeling approaches using efficient model reduction and connect the components by a collection of linkers Module benefits: Evaluate the dynamic performance of your physical model Applies to all applications, industries and model sizes Save time and cost compared to physical buildtest-break cycles Main features: Comprehensive dynamic response set. Supports frequency, transient, complex eigenvalue, random response, shock spectrum and other analysis Includes a list of eigenvalue solvers like Lanczos, Householder, Hessenberg, etc. Supports various types of dynamic loading in both time and frequency domains Fast frequency response solvers applicable to large models Module benefits: Use a cost-effective package to perform comprehensive dynamic analysis and accelerate time to market Build system assembly models using a hybrid assembly of components based on finite elements and test measurements or reduced-order models Main features: Includes all features of Simcenter Nastran Dynamic Response Includes Simcenter Nastran FRF representation Calculates the forced response of a product subject to time- or frequency-varying excitations Represents a component as a frequency response function, an alternative form of matrix representation of a component Large models consisting of over 300 modes can be efficiently solved using recursive domain normal modes (RDMODES) Analyze structural models in the presence of an air current using aeroelastic analysis Modify and adapt out-of-the-box (OOTB) solution strings using DMAP Module benefits: Quickly solve large complex problems Use the DMP solution to solve big problems over 100 times faster than the Lanczos method on a single processor Main features: Simcenter Nastran has many options to partition solution domains such as geometric, frequency, hierarchical, load and recursive domain partitioning DMP can also be operated on a single node that has multiple processors Supported dynamic solution types are modal and direct frequency response, eigenvalue computing, and modal transient Module benefits: Simulate and evaluate the rotor dynamics performance of your physical model Calculate critical speeds and find turning frequencies to avoid catastrophic failures of rotating machines Evaluate from simple models with linear bearings to complex systems with non-linear connections Breadth of analysis capabilities to cover a wide variety of loading scenarios Reduce modeling time and speed up time to solution through modeling techniques such as multiharmonic Fourier elements or cyclic symmetry or superelements Save time and cost compared to physical build and test cycles Main features: Calculate the Campbell diagram, with critical speeds and eddy frequencies Simulate using frequency-dependent (synchronous or asynchronous, modal or direct) or time-dependent excitation loads or switching Consider the geometric non-linearities of the connection elements in the simulation Supports typical rotor dynamics scenario such as unbalanced load or analysis or blade misalignment Consider the geometric non-linearities of the connection elements in the simulation Analyze models of symmetrical and asymmetrical rotors, as well as multiple rotors with different rotational speeds Include differential stiffness to calculate centrifugal softening effects Solve the model in fixed or rotating coordinate reference system ___________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter 3D Noise and Vibration Modeling ___________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter 3D Load Identification ___________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter 3D Noise and Vibration Response __________________________________________ _________________________________ Simcenter 3D NVH Composer ___________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter 3D FE Model Correlation _ __________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter Nastran Advanced Dynamics bundle _ __________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter Nastran DMP ___________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter Natran Dynamic Response ____ _______________________________________________________________________ Simcenter 3D Rotor Modeling ____ _______________________________________________________________________ Simcenter 3D FE Model Updating ___________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter 3D Response Dynamics _ __________________________________________________________________________ Simcenter Nastran Rotor ⇐ Back to Simcenter

Acoustic simulations help analyze noise quality in designs, Productive tools for designing, refining and validating prototypes throughout the development cycle. Aeroacoustics; Boundary Element, Ray Acoustics, FEM/BEM solvers; acoustic modeling; 3D Meshing for Acoustics; SIMCENTER 3D; SIEMENS Acoustics There are products which have requirements that require manufacturers to limit noise levels and meet environmental and government standards. Engineers need productive tools to design, refine, and validate prototypes throughout the development cycle. Covering the widest range of industry applications and engineering tasks and meeting the latest international standards, our vibroacoustic simulation solutions help analyze noise quality in designs. Simcenter offers indoor and outdoor acoustic simulation in an integrated solution that guides your team to make informed decisions during the early stages of design so you can optimize your product's acoustic performance. A unified and scalable modeling environment, combined with efficient solvers based on NASTRAN technology and easy-to-interpret visualization capabilities, allow you to quickly obtain information about the acoustic performance of your product. Contact an Expert Aeroacoustics Simcenter offers an extensive library of accurate models for predicting aeroacoustic noise sources, including steady-state models, direct models (DES/LES), propagation models, and acoustic perturbation equation solver (APE). Create aeroacoustic sources close to noise emitting turbulent flows as calculated from a CFD solution and calculate their acoustic response in the external or internal environment. For example, you can predict cabin noise inside cars and aircraft due to wind loads acting on the windows and structural body of the vehicle. In addition, other apps also allow you to assess noise from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) and environmental control system (ECS) pipelines, train boogies and pantographs, cooling fans, ship and aircraft propellers, and much more. more. Boundary Element Method Often used for outdoor acoustics problems, the boundary element method (BEM) is ideal for problems involving very complex geometries that can be challenging to model for the FEM method. The BEM method helps to simplify the external acoustic simulation as only the external surface mesh of the geometry is required. This simplifies the modeling process and reduces degrees of freedom in the simulation model, which will result in easier analysis. Ray Acoustics Performing acoustic simulations in high frequency ranges is not always possible with standard finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM) technologies. In response to this, Ray Acoustics enables you to competently and accurately perform acoustic analysis for high frequencies and efficiently and accurately perform various acoustic and audio comfort simulations in vehicles, covering the entire auditory frequency range. Parking sensors and near-field ADAS sensors are a good example of a use case where lightning acoustics can cooperate with your project, as it gives you the opportunity to quickly evaluate the performance of these ultrasonic transducers and sensors that operate at frequencies of 40 kHz and beyond. Simcenter 3D Complete simulation software . Simcenter's 3D acoustic modules provide the capabilities needed to evaluate radiated noise, including capturing the effect of encapsulations with sound treatments. ⇐ Back to Disciplines

FloEFD is a multiphysics and fluid dynamics (CFD) software natively integrated into CAD, capable of analyzing a wide variety of phenomena involving Fluid Mechanics. Heat Transfer, Optical Analysis; Electronics; HVAC; Structural; Electromagnetism; Expedition, Cadence, Zuken and Altium Coupling FloEFD FloEFD is a commercial software for computational fluid dynamics (CFD), capable of analyzing a wide variety of phenomena involving Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Optical Analysis, among many other functionalities. Its development, together with several CAD packages such as Solid Edge, NX, SolidWorks, Catia, Creo/Pro-E, facilitates CAD/CAE integration in the most diverse projects focused on fluid dynamics, such as aerodynamics, flow machines and heat exchangers. heat, covering several industrial applications. Contact an Expert Integrated with CAD Innovative workflow Mesh generation Engineering database Integration with FloMASTER Cooling of electronic components HVAC Compressible flows and combustion processes FloEDA module Because it is integrated into CAD packages, FloEFD offers a friendly and intuitive interface that allows the designer to select and change simulation parameters such as dimensions, boundary conditions, mesh generation, analysis types and material properties in a simple and fast way. . Mesh generation in FloEFD is one of the software 's differentials , as it works with Cartesian meshes due to its robust and simplified algorithm, which requires less computational time. This mesh, despite having a simplified construction, respects the conditions imposed by the simulation. The mesh has three different types of elements: solid materials, fluid cells and partial cells – which aim to optimize wall effects at the solid-fluid interface, which gives a good advantage to the simulation. In addition, simulation options interact directly with Excel, allowing instant acquisition of simulation data into an automatically generated spreadsheet; it also offers the possibility of working via external algorithms through the VBS language. The FloEFD has the Front Loading software feature , which refers to the ability to practice CFD during the design process, i.e., model and simulate simultaneously. Through FloEFD and its interchangeability between CAD software , the design process becomes leaner compared to traditional design. In this way, it allows the optimization of the product, since it integrates geometric modeling, simulation and data analysis in just one software , avoiding rework, whether in geometric modeling or simulations, obtaining greater dynamism for those who work in projects and simulations engineering and ensuring safety and accuracy of results. Unlike other CFD software , which use tetrahedral meshes, FloEFD features a body-immersed Cartesian mesh structure . This type of mesh allows the designer to reduce the process of trial and error, common to CFD simulation processes, in which an attempt is made to obtain a precise mesh for boundary conditions close to the walls, where the fluid velocity gradients are very high. Such a mesh ensures fast convergence and the number of cells is considerably less, as there is no need to match the mesh with the CAD. Offering an extensive library for applications in material selection, boundary conditions, porosity, radiative properties, among others, FloEFD also has the option of creating custom materials or conditions, adapting them to the physical properties favorable to the simulation, such as density, conductivity, specific heat, and saving them in the library for future applications. In practice, the flows that occur in pipes, flow machines, heat exchangers are too complex for an analytical analysis, like traditional 1D flow models. With FloEFD, it is possible to obtain views of the 3D flow in components, which, from a parametric analysis of the results, can be exported in data for analysis in the FloMaster software. Furthermore, FloMaster works with statistical algorithms that combine several configurations ( Latin-Square ), given input values, making the combination of 1D and 3D simulations a powerful tool in the quest to obtain the best performance of thermal systems.ting at steady state. For this, it has an extensive library of materials aimed at the application of electronics by the Engineering Data Base , which can be applied to the components of the analyzed system. FloEFD is enabled to calculate the effects of heat dissipation on electronic components operating at steady state. For this, it has an extensive library of materials aimed at the application of electronics by the Engineering Data Base , which can be applied to the components of the analyzed system. For the HVAC designer, FloEFD allows setting boundary conditions according to the situation obtained, be it in industrial operations, where you want to cool equipment by ventilation, or in hospitals, where you have a cooled air network for health reasons. Flow with complex conditions, fan models, simulation of relative humidity and condensation, performance of heat exchangers, pressure drops in pipe networks, and radiative models for analysis of the incidence of radiation are some of the devices that FloEFD offers to engineers. This module makes it possible to understand phenomena related to combustion reactions, such as burning propagation, post-burning gas formation, fuel-air mixture effects and mass fractions of gases from combustion; in addition to aspects related to compressible flows, whether subsonic, transonic, supersonic or hypersonic, in order to analyze the effects of Mach numbers, atomic dissociation and ionization by hypersonic flows at high temperatures. This extension allows you to carry out a thermal analysis of integrated circuit boards, by importing material data, power maps , thermal regions and connection networks from software such as Mentor Expedition, Cadence, Zuken and Altium, avoiding the use of IDF files. FloEDA allows detailing PCB's with materials and thermal properties for the model to be passed to FloEFD for subsequent thermal analysis. ⇐ Back to Tools

SIEMENS Simcenter Flomaster and Amesim. Reduce operating costs while ensuring the safety of complex thermofluid piping systems of any scale and complexity. Engineering of thermofluid systems; NIST library of properties; Systems from CAD; From design to real-time system. Thermofluid Dynamic Systems Thermofluid dynamic systems are those involving the transfer of thermal energy and the transport of fluids through pipes and equipment. They are widely used in a variety of industrial applications, such as power generation, refrigeration, heating systems, vehicles, chemical industry, aerospace industry, oil and gas industry, among others. The main advantage of using a thermofluid dynamic analysis is the possibility of predicting the one-dimensional (1D) behavior of a piping system under different conditions, which can be very useful in optimizing performance. In addition, this approach allows for accurate computer simulations to be carried out, which can be very useful in decision-making and in the design of new facilities. This can lead to an improvement in energy efficiency, a reduction in operating costs and even increased facility safety. Contact an Expert Power generation HVAC Chemical industry Automotive industry Aerospace Industry Oil and Gas Industry They are fundamental for designing and optimizing large complex power generation systems. They make it possible to study and evaluate the performance of different applications, such as hydroelectric, thermoelectric, geothermal plants, solar plants of various types, steam production, boilers, thermodynamic cycles, thermal machines, pumping, heat exchangers, cooling towers, reservoirs and storage. thermal. This helps design and optimize these systems more quickly and efficiently, and facilitates innovation and sustainability. With the simulators, it is possible to evaluate the best options and optimize global performance, reducing costs and improving energy efficiency. Allow HVAC designers and engineers to evaluate the performance of HVAC systems prior to construction. They are valuable tools for sizing, equipment selection and balancing of complex piping networks, optimizing energy consumption and operational stability. In addition, simulators also help to design innovative HVAC systems, meeting established sustainability goals, evaluating alternatives and simulating critical scenarios, making the project more intelligent and efficient, both in terms of implementation and operation costs. They are used in all stages of the transformation process of a chemical industry. They are useful for the design, optimization and control of chemical processes, and can be used to improve mixing of reagents and find optimal operating conditions to improve reaction kinetics and increase conversion of reactants to products. Furthermore, these tools can also be used to simulate critical scenarios and test different conditions before implementing changes in production, which ensures process safety and efficiency. They can also be used to optimize resource utilization and minimize operating costs. The use of simulators also allows the innovation of new processes and projects, helping the chemical industry to remain competitive. Necessary for designing and optimizing combustion, lubrication, cooling and other systems. They allow you to evaluate different design options, identifying potential problems before mass production, allowing you to implement solutions and choose those that offer the best performance in the most efficient way. Furthermore, these simulations can also be used to optimize energy efficiency, minimize costs and improve vehicle safety. The use of simulators is an important tool for the automotive industry, as it allows the development of new projects and technologies, helping to maintain competitiveness in the market. The aerospace industry uses simulation tools to design, optimize and predict problems in aeronautical systems such as propulsion, climate control, refrigeration, cooling and armament. These tools make it possible to evaluate different design options and identify potential problems before mass production, ensuring the safety and efficiency of aerospace devices and allowing the innovation of new designs and technologies. They also make it possible to predict the need to replace devices before failures occur and optimize overall performance, in addition to minimizing operating costs. They assist engineers in the design, equipment sizing, optimization and control of important processes such as fluid transport, heat transfer, refining, chemical reactions and energy production. This allows for energy integration of plant streams and increases production yields, as well as reducing operating costs and increasing safety. The simulations also make it possible to identify and prevent failures in the process, extending the useful life of the equipment and preventing failures that cause the plant to stop unexpectedly. In addition, operators can use these tools to train industrial plant control, ensuring process safety and efficiency. Simcenter FloMASTER Simcenter FloEFD Simcenter Flomaster is an advanced simulation tool for the design and operation of 1D thermofluid dynamic systems such as piping systems. It allows you to create detailed virtual models of systems of any scale and complexity, including piping, pumps, valves, heat exchangers and other components. With this tool, it is possible to simulate the operation of the system under different conditions, evaluate the performance in terms of flow, pressure, temperature and other variables, and simulate dynamic/transient events, such as failures or emergencies, to assess the system's safety and take Preventive measures. Simcenter Flomaster can also be integrated with other tools and platforms such as PLM, CAD, Simulation and Industrial IoT, which facilitates decision-making and implementation of system improvements. It also allows you to create a detailed digital model of the system and reuse it during operation for virtual monitoring and online sensors, which increases efficiency and ensures system security. In summary, it is a fundamental tool to create and use digital twins of processes, guaranteeing efficiency and operational security. Simcenter FLOEFD is an advanced 3D CFD (computational fluid dynamics) tool that allows designers to explore the potential of their ideas directly in their CAD software. It is capable of simulating the impact of changes to geometry or boundary conditions quickly and easily, enabling frequent "what if" analysis. In addition, Simcenter FLOEFD generates detailed reports within the CAD platform chosen by the user. When integrated with Simcenter Flomaster, this software allows the generation of reduced order models that can be included as additional components to the flowchart, improving the accuracy of the simulations of the processes under study and allowing a more detailed and accurate analysis of the system's performance. The combination of Simcenter FLOEFD and Simcenter Flomaster allows obtaining a complete and accurate view of the operation of a process and making more assertive decisions about the design and operation of the analyzed system. ⇐ Back to Disciplines

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Acoustic simulations help analyze noise quality in designs, Productive tools for designing, refining and validating prototypes throughout the development cycle. Aeroacoustics; Boundary Element, Ray Acoustics, FEM/BEM solvers; acoustic modeling; 3D Meshing for Acoustics; SIMCENTER 3D; SIEMENS Specialization Program in CAE At CAEXPERTS, we understand that digitalization and computational simulation are a reality for the industry and in this context, training is essential to face real engineering challenges. The CAE Specialization Program was designed for professionals who seek to deepen their knowledge by applying computational simulation tools to solve real engineering challenges, ensuring that you or your team are prepared to transform ideas into solutions. Master computational simulation in practice and become an expert valued by the industry. Join Our CAE Specialization Program Fill in the details below and we will build this chapter together. Name E-mail Phone/WhatsApp Company Submit Thanks! We will be in touch soon. Why choose our Specialization Program? What will you learn? Who should participate? Personalized: we work side by side, from the selection of relevant topics, the study of the state of the art, the scientific technical development stages, training until the completion of the project. Technology: this program provides access to the best CAE software on the market and is focused on the efficient use of software applied to practical cases. Real Projects: the training is developed based on real industry challenges, providing applied and practical learning that prepares you for concrete challenges. Articles and Procedures: the combination of theory and practice culminates in the technical scientific production of materials based on practical experiences, creating a legacy of knowledge and documentation for the industry. Our program includes: Exploring Advanced Technologies: Stay up to date with the latest in software and engineering techniques. Solving Real Problems: Learn from projects inspired by challenges faced by real companies, ensuring direct and meaningful learning. Creating Specific Procedures: Develop procedures that can be immediately applied in your organization. Our program is ideal for: Engineers who want to improve their skills in computational engineering and the use of CAE software. Companies looking to empower their teams to deal with complex problems. CAEXPERTS Differentiators With an experienced team, we are experts in combining technology and practice to generate concrete results. Our support goes beyond training, offering consultancy and monitoring to ensure that you or your team reaches their maximum potential. How to register? Contact us to schedule a personalized conversation. We are ready to adapt the program to your needs and contribute to your success. ⇐ Back to Disciplines

Fulwave solvers based on integral methods to solve Maxwell's electromagnetic equations (Method of Moments – MoM) and asymptotic methods based on Uniform Diffraction Theory (UTD) and Iterative Physical Optics (IPO) – EMC; EMI; Time and frequency, linear and non-linear, finite and boundary elements. Electromagnetic Compatibility Use predefined virtual experiments to evaluate the simulated performance of electric motors. Experiments produce output quantities, waveforms, fields, and graphs. Industry 4.0 factories, incorporating wireless IIoT systems, operate in a complex and noisy electromagnetic environment, as there is an increasing number of electronic devices and electrical cables and wires in vehicles, as well as a significant expansion of antennas and new types of wireless devices. Therefore, it becomes increasingly challenging to ensure that a device continues to function correctly by being immune and not interfering with surrounding devices causing possible failures. Contact an Expert Analyzes Method of Moments Uniform Theory of Diffraction Iterative Physical Optics Simcenter 3D High Frequency addresses a broad frequency spectrum to cover all major analysis needs. Users can select the most appropriate one from a variety of dedicated solvers . These include full-wave solvers based on integral methods for solving Maxwell's electromagnetic equations (Method of Moments – MoM) and asymptotic methods based on Uniform Diffraction Theory (UTD) and Iterative Physical Optics (IPO). Efficiently solve full 2.5D and 3D field problems. Solver acceleration options are incorporated to facilitate direct handling of ultra-large scale system-level models such as complete aircraft, satellites, ships and cars. MoM solves Maxwell's equations discretely without making any approximation: the problem is discretized and transformed into a system of linear equations. Both standard (direct) and fast (iterative with multilevel fast multipole algorithm) solution approach are available. Different boundary conditions are managed: Electric Field Integral Equation (EFIE), Impedance Boundary Conditions (IBC), Combined Field Integral Equation (CFIE) and Poggio-Miller-Chang-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT). Preconditioners (eg Multi-Resolution, SPLU, ILUT) accelerate the convergence of the iterative solution approach. Low-frequency stabilization methods (S-PEEC formulation) solve the problem of low-frequency breakage (very ill-conditioned linear system). The multiport approach minimizes the computational load for evaluating active solutions. MoM is suitable when precision is required for complex problems (in terms of geometries and materials) and when the interaction between the radiation source and the scattering structure is strong. The Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD) is a “ray” method, based on an asymptotic solution of Maxwell's equations. The UTD is applicable when a radiant source interacts with a scattering structure whose dimensions are much larger than the field's wavelengt h (eg ships, vehicles or scene settings such as airports, factories, cities, etc.). Under these assumptions, as well as in the case of optics, electromagnetic scattering can be described as the combination of discrete contributions (reflections and diffractions of different orders) from a number of “hot spots” distributed in the structure (edge, wedge, vertex), according to the relatively simple geometrical laws relating to the propagation of rays. UTD manages real materials characterized through transmission and reflection coefficients. Iterative Physical Optics (IPO) is a current-based high-frequency iterative technique. The IPO is applicable in the evaluation of the interaction between a radiant source and a scattering structure whose dimensions are larger than the field wavelength (for example, antenna reflectors, radomes, vehicles, etc.). The application of the equivalence theorem for the description of the scattering mechanism and adoption of the iterative process allows the reconstruction of interactions between objects in complex scenarios without resorting to ray-tracing . Computational resources are optimized by exploiting state-of-the-art technologies: GPU computing, far-field fast approximation algorithm, and iterative relaxation techniques. Thin sheets and impedance boundary condition formulations are available. Simcenter 3D Simcenter 3D High Frequency Simcenter includes distinctive low- and high-frequency electromagnetic simulation capabilities for the unique demands of each domain. Expand your insight into electromechanical component performance, power conversion, antenna design and location, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and electromagnetic interference (EMI). A variety of dedicated solvers (time and frequency based, linear and non-linear, finite and boundary element) provide a transformative CAE process, with simulations ranging from quick initial analysis to inherent realism for final verification. Complementarily, Simcenter 3D High Frequency allows analyzing the electromagnetic performance of electrical harnesses, which are imported directly from the CAPITAL software , world leader in wire harness engineering tools. In Simcenter 3D, automatic features work on generating 3D geometry from CAPITAL and assigning properties. The integrated multi-conductor transmission line network (MTLN) solver, combined with Simcenter 's electromagnetic solver – 3D High Frequency–, allows you to perform any wiring harness analysis such as emission, susceptibility, and cross talk within the harness and between the whips. ⇐ Back to Disciplines

Search results All (132) Blog Posts (89) Other Pages (43) 132 items found for "" Blog Posts (89) CAEXPERTS / SIEMENS Webinar: Agitated Tank Simulation with STAR-CCM+ The recent CAEXPERTS webinar highlighted how simulation using Simcenter STAR-CCM+ is transforming the design and operation of agitated tanks. The integrated approach to engineering digitalization was a key focus, highlighting how to predict and optimize the behavior of complex processes, reduce costs and increase operational efficiency. 1. Why is Agitated Tank Simulation Necessary Today? With the growing demand for efficiency and innovation, agitated tank simulation is becoming a tool for industrial process design. Simcenter STAR-CCM+ allows you to explore multiple design variants and operating conditions, reducing the need for expensive experimental testing and increasing visualization of phenomena that only complex sensors can measure. In this way, companies can improve mixing quality, reduce energy consumption and increase productivity, creating more sustainable and competitive solutions. 2. Complex Geometry Manipulation and Multiphysics Modeling Simcenter STAR-CCM+ stands out for its ability to manipulate complex geometries, enabling the creation, modification and repair of CAD models directly in the software. With a flexible and robust mesh, the tool accurately captures geometric features, ensuring detailed and realistic results. Multiphysics modeling allows the simulation of complex interactions between different phases, such as gas-liquid or solid-liquid, and the prediction of the conversion and yield of chemical reactions. 3. Design Exploration and Workflow Automation with Admixtus Workflow automation with the Admixtus tool accelerates the configuration and simulation of mixing tanks. This approach facilitates the configuration of geometries, generation of meshes and definition of the physics involved in an automated manner based on best practices. The tool also facilitates the post-processing of results, generating reports and graphs in an integrated and customizable manner, ideal for exploring different design scenarios and operational conditions. 4. What Can Be Calculated Using Simulation? Simcenter STAR-CCM+ allows you to calculate a wide range of critical parameters for the optimization of agitated tanks, such as pumping and circulation rate, mixing time, flow field, shear rate, impeller torque, energy consumption, among others. These simulations are capable of predicting the performance of complex systems and adjusting design variables to achieve the best results. 5. Case Studies and Practical Impact Several case studies show the practical application of simulation. One of the highlights was the exploration of impeller positioning and rotation to minimize mixing time and reduce energy consumption in mixing tanks, resulting in significant process savings. Another study focused on the optimization of impellers and baffles, showing improvements in energy efficiency and mixing quality. 6. Challenges and Solutions for Agitated Tanks Key challenges addressed include energy efficiency, bubble and particle size distribution, and prediction of mixing quality in multiphase systems. Simulation helps minimize these challenges by enabling adjustments that improve process efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and increase design flexibility. The tool also facilitates the evaluation of new raw materials and process intensification, contributing to sustainability and cost management. 7. Solutions for Non-Newtonian Fluids During the webinar, we also addressed the challenges of mixing non-Newtonian fluids, such as polyacrylamide. Simulation with STAR-CCM+ allows for careful adjustment of the agitation speed and agitator design to avoid problems such as lump formation and inefficiency in the flocculation process. This type of analysis is essential to ensure the quality and homogeneity of the mixture, even under complex conditions. 8. Multiphase Models and Their Applications Simcenter STAR-CCM+ offers a comprehensive set of multiphase models, such as Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Volume of Fluid (VOF), which are used to capture the complexity of phase interactions. The Eulerian Multiphase (EMP) model is particularly useful for simulating the mixing of miscible fluids and predicting phenomena such as coalescence and break-up, essential for processes such as fermentation and polymerization. The ability to capture these complex effects is critical for simulating industrial processes involving multiple phases, such as gas-liquid or solid-liquid systems. 9. Heat and Mass Transfer, and Chemical Reactions The ability to simulate heat and mass transfer between different phases is essential for predicting the efficiency of chemical reactions in stirred tanks. STAR-CCM+ allows you to analyze everything from the dissolution of substances to heat transfer in complex systems, such as those involving heating or cooling coils. With dedicated models, it is possible to simulate reactions both within a phase and at the interface between phases. 10. Intelligent Design Optimization and Exploration The tool also stands out for its intelligent design exploration, combining multiple optimization strategies to find the best design configurations in fewer iterations. This includes performing Design of Experiments (DoE) and optimizing multiple objectives, such as minimizing mixing time and power requirements while maximizing yield and productivity. 11. Economic Impact and Return on Investment Finally, the economic impact of simulation is discussed, highlighting how reducing the number of experimental tests and optimizing the design can lead to significant savings. Simulation allows for accurate prediction of tank performance, reducing yield losses and scale -up costs , as well as accelerating the development time of new products with greater reliability and much lower investments. 12. The Future of Simulation and the Redefining of Engineering The use of advanced tools such as STAR-CCM+ is redefining the way engineering is conducted. Digitizing processes allows for digital exploration and physical confirmation, minimizing the time and costs associated with physical testing. Using simulation, companies of all sizes can explore new designs and improve products more quickly and efficiently, while remaining competitive in an increasingly demanding market. The CAEXPERTS webinar showed that agitated tank simulation with Simcenter STAR-CCM+ goes beyond simple analysis; it is an essential tool for innovation, efficiency, and competitiveness in today’s market. By adopting integrated digital simulation, companies can explore new design possibilities, reduce costs, and increase productivity in a sustainable way. Want to know how this technology can transform your processes? Schedule a meeting with us and find out how we can help your company optimize operations, reduce costs and increase competitiveness. WhatsApp: +55 (48) 988144798 E-mail: contato@caexperts.com.br Fuel Cell Validation: Case Studies - Part 3: System Simulation and Vehicle Integration Welcome to the 3rd and final part of our special series of technical posts about computer simulations in engineering! If you want to have a complete overview of the project, check out the first part about CFD modeling and the second about FEA analysis . In the first part, we detailed the multiphysics modeling and CFD simulation of a fuel cell using Simcenter STAR-CCM+ , while in the second part we did the modeling and structural analysis of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) using Simcenter 3D . Case Study In the continuation of our series on fuel cell validation, we come to the third part, where we explore the simulation of fuel cells at the system level, that is, how they would operate integrated with other equipment and enable the analysis of their performance under different conditions. Unlike previous analyses focused on more detailed simulations, here we represent the behavior of the cell through a set of 1D equations simulated in Simcenter Amesim software. This approach allows the integration of the cell model into a vehicle system. System simulation is a crucial step in understanding how a fuel cell behaves when incorporated into a larger system, such as an electric or hybrid vehicle. In this phase, the equations that govern the behavior of the fuel cell are solved together with the equations that describe the rest of the vehicle system. This approach provides a more holistic view of fuel cell performance in real-world operating scenarios. Furthermore, the systems approach simplifies fuel cell behavior without compromising the accuracy of the results. In this approach, key parameters such as energy production, fuel consumption and efficiency are represented by differential equations that capture the essentials of the cell's operation. Modeling Integrating a fuel cell stack into a vehicle system represents a significant challenge. Indeed, a fuel cell system encompasses a variety of components, such as the stack itself, as well as the auxiliary Balance of Plant (BOP) equipment, which includes the cooling circuit, the air and hydrogen supply systems, the humidifier, among other devices necessary for the proper operation of the cell. In addition, multi-physical phenomena are involved, including electricity, heat transfer, fluid flow, mechanical (inertial) resistances and electrochemistry. In this model, only the electrical aspect of the system was considered, which is the main focus of this study. This allows us to answer questions such as: Will the proposed fuel cell system offer a significant efficiency improvement compared to other conventional or hybrid vehicle configurations? What is the driving range of the fuel cell vehicle for a given duty cycle? Systemic modeling includes sets of differential equations that characterize the dynamic and steady-state behavior of fuel cell elements. These equations adopt different approaches to describe cell behavior and can be divided into quasi-static and dynamic models, depending on the phenomena involved. The results obtained in the Simcenter STAR-CCM+ software for the behavior of a single cell were extrapolated to a stack of cells. This stack was modeled as a stack of 200 cells connected in series, operating at a total voltage of 100 V. Each individual cell uses the polarization curve derived from the previous simulations. Polarization curve of a fuel cell obtained in the Star-CCM+ software and imported into Amesim A relevant study in this context is the experimental scalability study carried out by Bonnet et al. [2008], which explores the extent to which a single cell or a reduced set of cells can faithfully represent a larger system. This study is especially useful for determining which experimental data from individual cells are still applicable at full scale, including operating data under conditions that are potentially adverse to the cell's durability. The main conclusions of the study indicate that: The polarization curves are nearly identical at different scales, suggesting that the scale effect is minimal under ideal conditions. Under varying air and hydrogen flow conditions, experiments with single cells and stacks show similar behaviors. The degradation effects with operating time follow similar trends at the different scales analyzed. The study on the impact of air humidification is not conclusive: at low relative humidity, the behavior of the cells is similar, but above 60% RH, significant differences appear. Integration with the Vehicle System Once the fuel cell has been modeled, the next step is to integrate it into the vehicle system model. Here, the interactions of the fuel cell with other vehicle components, such as the drivetrain, batteries, and control systems, are considered. The simulation allows predicting how the fuel cell will respond to different driving profiles, including variations in power demand, temperature, and other environmental conditions. Schematic representation of the vehicle system integrated with the fuel cell. The simulation was performed with a lightweight vehicle weighing 1928 kg operating at a fixed torque conversion ratio of 1:8.786. The fuel cell was sized to deliver 88 kW, supplemented by a 1.5 kWh battery. Detailed system information and the corresponding model can be seen in the figure below. Vehicle system model and system information in Simcenter Amesim The driving cycle used in this simulation was the Japanese Cycle 08 (JC08) normalized cycle . The test represents driving in congested urban traffic, including periods of idling and frequent alternations of acceleration and deceleration. It is used for emissions measurement and fuel economy determination. The parameters selected for the JC08 cycle include: Duration: 1204 s Total distance: 8,171 km Average speed: 24.4 km/h (34.8 km/h excluding idling) Top speed: 81.6 km/h Load ratio: 29.7% The velocity curve along the JC08 cycle Source: https://dieselnet.com/standards/cycles/jp_jc08.php Results: Performance Analysis under Operating Conditions Integrating the fuel cell model into the vehicle system enables performance analysis under a variety of operating conditions. For example, system efficiency can be assessed during sudden acceleration, regenerative braking, and steady-state operation. These scenarios provide valuable data for model validation and system design refinement. Plot of simulated speed versus driving cycle It can be observed that the simulated speed follows the driving cycle, indicating that the traction system is sized appropriately. Furthermore, in this same cycle, we can observe consumption and acceleration characteristics, as well as extrapolate the average consumption to define the vehicle's autonomy. This autonomy calculation only considers the use of the fuel cell, without taking into account the potential use of the battery for vehicle propulsion when the fuel tank is empty. Representation of the main characteristics of the system during the JC08 cycle This analysis also includes the transient behavior of the system in terms of consumption and battery charge status. Fuel consumption during the driving cycle Evolution of the battery charge state during the driving cycle The following graph shows the power control of the power bus. For lower power demands, power is supplied by the battery. When power demand is higher, the fuel cell supplies the power. During regenerative braking, power is directed to the battery for charging. Power distribution between fuel cell and battery Conclusion System simulation is a powerful tool that complements the detailed analyses performed in the previous steps. By integrating the fuel cell into a vehicle system, we can obtain a more complete and accurate view of its behavior under real-world conditions. This approach enables the development of efficient and reliable propulsion systems. This analysis reinforces the importance of validating fuel cell performance not only at the component level, but also in its final application. Want to learn more and in more detail? Schedule a meeting or contact CAEXPERTS through our communication channels to discuss how we can collaborate in the optimization and validation of your project, integrating innovative solutions that increase performance in real conditions. Our team is ready to offer the necessary support to transform your simulations into concrete results. Also, follow our LinkedIn page @CAEXPERTS for more insights and news! WhatsApp: +55 (48) 988144798 E-mail: contato@caexperts.com.br Reference Bonnet, C., Didierjean, S., Guillet, N., Besse, S., Colinart, T., & Carré, P. (2008). Design of an 80kW PEM Fuel Cell System: Scale Up Effect Investigation. Journal of Power Sources, 182(2), 441–448. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.12.100 . Fuel Cell Validation: Case Studies – Part 2 – FEA Welcome to part 2 of our special technical blog series on computational simulations in engineering! If you haven’t already checked out part 1 on CFD modeling, we recommend checking it out here for a complete overview of the project. In part 1, we detailed the multiphysics modeling and CFD simulation of a fuel cell using Simcenter STAR-CCM+ . FEA Case Study In this second part of the series, we will focus on the modeling and structural analysis of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Using Solid Edge software for CAD modeling and Simcenter 3D for finite element analysis (FEA), we seek to validate the structural robustness and mechanical resistance of the cell under various operating conditions. Simcenter 3D is a simulation tool that allows the integration of several physics in a single model, as in the case of a PEMFC where there are pressure and temperature fields imported from STAR-CCM+ and also application of bolt tightening. As a reminder, to validate the CFD model, we used the JRC ZERO∇ CELL (BEDNAREK et al., 2021), chosen for its reliable technical documentation and the availability of experimental data at its source, which is a technical report from the Joint Research Centre (JRC) (Figure 1). The JRC is the science and knowledge service of the European Commission, responsible for providing scientific and technical support to European Union policymaking by developing and providing methods, models, and data. Figure 1 – Excerpt from the Joint Research Centre technical report on the JRC ZERO∇CELL Source: Adapted from BEDNAREK et al. (2021) The availability of technical drawings of the cell geometry (Figure 2), the materials used and some conditions of use also favored its choice. Figure 2 – Technical drawing of the JRC ZERO∇CELL assembly, together with the description of the cell parts Source: Adapted from BEDNAREK (2021) 1 Modeling This topic will explain and discuss the most relevant points of FEA modeling. The simulation was developed based on the data and conditions provided in the article. In summary, the steps of the FEA study were as follows: Generation of the complete geometry of the problem; Adaptation of geometry for FEA analysis; Definition of boundary conditions; Generation of the computational mesh (division of bodies into small elements); Execution of the model and verification of results; If the results are not consistent, steps two, three and four are reviewed; If the results are consistent, they are then processed. Next, the modeling will be divided into topics and further detailed. 1.1 Geometry The PEMFC geometry (Figure 3) was developed based on the technical drawings of BEDNAREK (2021), referring to JRC ZERO∇CELL. For the FEA analysis, it was necessary to model all the parts and geometries provided by the document, since all of them will have an impact on the cell's stress and sealing results. However, small details were removed, such as aesthetic or assembly chamfers and very small gas flow channels, aiming at a simplification of the mesh. Figure 3 – Geometry (Isometric View) Figure 4 – Geometry (Side View) 1.2 Boundary Conditions The boundary conditions in a structural simulation are definitions that specify the forces acting on the system and the way in which that system is fixed in space. In addition, it is necessary to choose the materials for each component with their respective mechanical properties – and thermal properties, as in this case. 1.2.1 Restrictions As restrictions, we chose a fixation condition on all axes of the lower face of the cell, since the article does not specifically mention how the cell was fixed and we are focused on the sealing efficiency of the system, that is, we do not need to worry about the accumulation of tensions on the lower face or problems of excessive restriction of the model. The fixation face is made explicit below. Figure 5 – Model fixing condition 1.2.2 Materials The materials used were chosen based on the data provided by the article and using the materials from the standard Simcenter 3D library, applying these to the meshes of their corresponding parts. Below is an image for each material used, showing their respective parts and then their properties. Figure 6 – Steel Parts Steel properties: Density: 7829 kg/m³ Modulus of Elasticity: 206940 MPa Poisson's ratio: 0.288 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: 1.128e-05 1/Cº Figure 7 – AW2024T3 parts AW2024T3 properties: Density: 2794 kg/m³ Modulus of Elasticity: 73119 MPa Poisson's ratio: 0.33 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: 2.16e-05 1/Cº Figure 8 – Bronze Pieces Bronze properties: Density: 8852 kg/m³ Modulus of Elasticity: 103400 MPa Poisson's ratio: 0.34 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: 1.782e-05 1/Cº Figure 9 – Rubber Parts Rubber properties: Density: 1200 kg/m³ Modulus of Elasticity: 900 MPa Poisson's ratio: 0.4 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: 0 1/Cº 1.2.3 Efforts In the structural simulation, we will have two times, the first applying the preload of the 4 bolts and the second applying the temperature and pressure conditions provided by the CFD analysis. To tighten the bolts, the data provided in the article was used and a strategy was adopted to apply this force properly. In Simcenter 3D , there is a loading called “ Bolt Pre-Load ”, that is, bolt pre-load. In this loading, it is possible to apply a force on a given axis by choosing a face, for example, so that this face will be compressed on the chosen axis. Therefore, the bolt was cut in half transversally and another Simcenter 3D feature was used , called “ Mesh Mating ”. This feature unifies meshes of separate bodies, connecting the nodes so that they become coincident, practically unifying the meshes of the chosen bodies. Therefore, using “ Mesh Mating ” for each screw cut in half and applying “ Bolt Pre-Load ” to the faces generated by the cut, the screws are tightened from this face given the force applied. Below you can better understand the procedure adopted. Figure 10 – Cut screw Figure 11 – “Bolt Pre-Load” Moving on to the second part of the analysis, the results obtained in the CFD analysis were imported in .csv format, which in Simcenter 3D was transformed into a cloud of tabulated points for both temperature and pressure. Figure 12 below shows the pressure and temperature fields applied to the system. In it, it is possible to see the meshes in which the conditions were applied, the small red arrows indicating the pressure field and the blue region that is under the temperature conditions extracted from the CFD analysis. Figure 12 – Pressure and temperature fields 2 Results As a result, the contact pressure between the plates around the membrane and the fatigue resistance of the system can be highlighted. 2.1 Contact Pressure To assess the cell's sealing efficiency, it is necessary to analyze the forces acting to prevent the plates from losing contact. The preloading on the screws and the contacts between the plates were considered. We can evaluate the pressure involved in these contacts and compare them with the results obtained in the article to validate the model. Figure 13 – Interface contact pressure Figure 14 – Contact pressure 2.2 Fatigue Resistance To analyze fatigue resistance, it is necessary to simulate that the load imposed in the static analysis will be applied repeatedly to the system. To do this, we use the “ Durability ” tool in Simcenter 3D . In this analysis, we use the yield strength of each material as a reference to calculate the safety factor. Figure 15 and Figure 16 below show the safety factor of the system, which remained above 2, and in Figure 17 the life of the components, which was shown to be infinite (>1e+9). Figure 15 – Safety factor (Isometric View) Figure 16 – Safety factor Figure 17 – Life (infinite) 3 Conclusion With this project, it was possible to accurately digitally reproduce the PEM fuel cell model , demonstrating the capabilities of Simcenter 3D to integrate with STAR-CCM+ for more complex analyses and obtain physical results consistent with those observed in the real world. In addition, it was possible to ensure that for the conditions tested, the cell has an excellent safety coefficient against fatigue failure. to integrate with STAR-CCM+ for more complex analyses and obtain physical results consistent with those observed in the real world. In addition, it was possible to ensure that for the conditions tested the cell has an excellent safety coefficient against fatigue failure. STAR-CCM+ and Simcenter 3D Integration allows the fuel cell design to be complete, allowing topological optimizations based on the cell's operating data, in order to guarantee structural resistance and tightness without running the risk of failures. allows the fuel cell design to be complete, allowing topological optimizations based on the cell's operating data, in order to guarantee structural resistance and tightness without running the risk of failures. Want to know more and in more detail? Schedule a meeting with us now or contact us through one of our means of communication! In the next post we will present the systemic simulation of the integration of the fuel cell in a hybrid vehicle in Amesim , based on the integration of the results obtained in STAR-CCM+ and Simcenter 3D ! WhatsApp: +55 (48) 988144798 E-mail: contato@caexperts.com.br 4 References BEDNAREK, Tomasz et al. Development of reference hardware for harmonised testing of PEM single cell fuel cells. 2021. BEDNAREK, Tomasz (2021), “The JRC ZERO∇CELL design documentation”, Mendeley Data, V1, doi: 10.17632/c7bffdv7yb.1 View All Other Pages (43) HEEDS | CAEXPERTS HEEDS HEEDS is a powerful design space exploration and optimization software package that interfaces with all commercial computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) tools to drive product innovation. HEEDS accelerates the product development process by automating analysis workflows (Process Automation), maximizing available hardware and software computational resources (Distributed Execution), and efficiently exploring the design space for innovative solutions (Efficient Search), while evaluating new concepts ensuring that the performance requirements are met ( Insight & Discovery ). Contact an Expert Process automation Distributed Execution Efficient Search Insight & Discovery HEEDS enables automated workflows to make it easier to drive product development processes. With an extensive list of interfaces designed for commercial CAD and CAE tools, HEEDS quickly and easily integrates many technologies without the need for custom scripts . Data is automatically shared across different modeling and simulation products to assess performance tradeoffs and design robustness. ​ ​ HEEDS leverages existing hardware investments by making efficient use of all available hardware resources . Utilize Windows and Linux-based workstations or clusters , on-premises or offsite, as well as cloud computing resources to accelerate the development of innovative products. For example, geometry modifications can be automated on a Windows® operating system laptop , a structural deformation simulation can be performed on a Linux workstation, and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation can be performed on multiple computer cores. a Linux cluster , or in the cloud. ​ ​ Unlike most traditional optimization tools, which require highly specialized technical knowledge and model simplification to enable efficient search, all designers and engineers can use HEEDS to achieve innovation. HEEDS includes proprietary Design Space Exploration functionality to efficiently find design concepts that meet or exceed performance requirements. HEEDS automatically adapts its search strategy as it learns more about the design space to find the best possible solution within the allotted time frame. It's easy to use, designed to meet deadlines, and capable of delivering significant value! HEEDS provides the ability to easily compare performance across a broad spectrum of designs that exhibit desirable characteristics and robustness. The software helps users visualize project performance trade-offs between competing objectives and constraints with a variety of charts, tables and images to gain insights and discover innovative solutions. This facilitates the development of production-ready designs; enabling a truly digital twin! ⇐ Back to Tools Thermofluid Dynamic Systems | CAEXPERTS Thermofluid Dynamic Systems Thermofluid dynamic systems are those involving the transfer of thermal energy and the transport of fluids through pipes and equipment. They are widely used in a variety of industrial applications, such as power generation, refrigeration, heating systems, vehicles, chemical industry, aerospace industry, oil and gas industry, among others. ​ The main advantage of using a thermofluid dynamic analysis is the possibility of predicting the one-dimensional (1D) behavior of a piping system under different conditions, which can be very useful in optimizing performance. In addition, this approach allows for accurate computer simulations to be carried out, which can be very useful in decision-making and in the design of new facilities. This can lead to an improvement in energy efficiency, a reduction in operating costs and even increased facility safety. Contact an Expert Power generation HVAC Chemical industry Automotive industry Aerospace Industry Oil and Gas Industry They are fundamental for designing and optimizing large complex power generation systems. They make it possible to study and evaluate the performance of different applications, such as hydroelectric, thermoelectric, geothermal plants, solar plants of various types, steam production, boilers, thermodynamic cycles, thermal machines, pumping, heat exchangers, cooling towers, reservoirs and storage. thermal. This helps design and optimize these systems more quickly and efficiently, and facilitates innovation and sustainability. With the simulators, it is possible to evaluate the best options and optimize global performance, reducing costs and improving energy efficiency. ​ ​ Allow HVAC designers and engineers to evaluate the performance of HVAC systems prior to construction. They are valuable tools for sizing, equipment selection and balancing of complex piping networks, optimizing energy consumption and operational stability. In addition, simulators also help to design innovative HVAC systems, meeting established sustainability goals, evaluating alternatives and simulating critical scenarios, making the project more intelligent and efficient, both in terms of implementation and operation costs. ​ ​ They are used in all stages of the transformation process of a chemical industry. They are useful for the design, optimization and control of chemical processes, and can be used to improve mixing of reagents and find optimal operating conditions to improve reaction kinetics and increase conversion of reactants to products. Furthermore, these tools can also be used to simulate critical scenarios and test different conditions before implementing changes in production, which ensures process safety and efficiency. They can also be used to optimize resource utilization and minimize operating costs. The use of simulators also allows the innovation of new processes and projects, helping the chemical industry to remain competitive. ​ ​ ​ ​ Necessary for designing and optimizing combustion, lubrication, cooling and other systems. They allow you to evaluate different design options, identifying potential problems before mass production, allowing you to implement solutions and choose those that offer the best performance in the most efficient way. Furthermore, these simulations can also be used to optimize energy efficiency, minimize costs and improve vehicle safety. The use of simulators is an important tool for the automotive industry, as it allows the development of new projects and technologies, helping to maintain competitiveness in the market. ​ ​ ​ ​ The aerospace industry uses simulation tools to design, optimize and predict problems in aeronautical systems such as propulsion, climate control, refrigeration, cooling and armament. These tools make it possible to evaluate different design options and identify potential problems before mass production, ensuring the safety and efficiency of aerospace devices and allowing the innovation of new designs and technologies. They also make it possible to predict the need to replace devices before failures occur and optimize overall performance, in addition to minimizing operating costs. They assist engineers in the design, equipment sizing, optimization and control of important processes such as fluid transport, heat transfer, refining, chemical reactions and energy production. This allows for energy integration of plant streams and increases production yields, as well as reducing operating costs and increasing safety. The simulations also make it possible to identify and prevent failures in the process, extending the useful life of the equipment and preventing failures that cause the plant to stop unexpectedly. In addition, operators can use these tools to train industrial plant control, ensuring process safety and efficiency. ​ Simcenter FloMASTER Simcenter FloEFD Simcenter Flomaster is an advanced simulation tool for the design and operation of 1D thermofluid dynamic systems such as piping systems. It allows you to create detailed virtual models of systems of any scale and complexity, including piping, pumps, valves, heat exchangers and other components. With this tool, it is possible to simulate the operation of the system under different conditions, evaluate the performance in terms of flow, pressure, temperature and other variables, and simulate dynamic/transient events, such as failures or emergencies, to assess the system's safety and take Preventive measures. ​ Simcenter Flomaster can also be integrated with other tools and platforms such as PLM, CAD, Simulation and Industrial IoT, which facilitates decision-making and implementation of system improvements. It also allows you to create a detailed digital model of the system and reuse it during operation for virtual monitoring and online sensors, which increases efficiency and ensures system security. In summary, it is a fundamental tool to create and use digital twins of processes, guaranteeing efficiency and operational security. ​ ​ Simcenter FLOEFD is an advanced 3D CFD (computational fluid dynamics) tool that allows designers to explore the potential of their ideas directly in their CAD software. It is capable of simulating the impact of changes to geometry or boundary conditions quickly and easily, enabling frequent "what if" analysis. In addition, Simcenter FLOEFD generates detailed reports within the CAD platform chosen by the user. ​ When integrated with Simcenter Flomaster, this software allows the generation of reduced order models that can be included as additional components to the flowchart, improving the accuracy of the simulations of the processes under study and allowing a more detailed and accurate analysis of the system's performance. The combination of Simcenter FLOEFD and Simcenter Flomaster allows obtaining a complete and accurate view of the operation of a process and making more assertive decisions about the design and operation of the analyzed system. ⇐ Back to Disciplines Project Optimization | CAEXPERTS Project Optimization In optimization, one can look for values ​​minimizing/maximizing a mathematical function through the systematic choice of values ​​that allows the comparison between different configurations and a detailed study of the models in different physics. Contact an Expert Keep designing, even after shifts Structural, thermal, acoustic, electrical design and whatever else is needed The high degree of automation of SIEMENS DIGITAL INDUSTRIES tools ensures that, even while the engineering team rests, your company continues to generate value, products and innovative solutions. This feature ensures that the engineering team can dedicate their time to the innovation and product development processes, while the software takes care of testing the solutions, delivering the best possible option. Optimization software from Siemens Digital Industries has the ability to deal with different physics together, integrating calculation routines already validated by companies with the most popular CAE applications on the market . This allows the complete integration of the entire production and design cycle, integrating the engineering areas, making it possible to optimize products and projects with a focus on reducing raw material costs, production time, efficiency and product robustness. All this in the same software , in an integrated and automated way. HEEDS Software specialized in optimization, capable of evaluating data from different sources in search of the best design alternatives using CAD/CAE parameters. ⇐ Voltar para Serviços View All

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